Understanding Dysbiosis: Causes, Symptoms, Testing & Treatment

Hello fellow gut health enthusiasts! I’m guessing you already know how important gut health is for overall health, so I want to introduce you to a key term in the gut world - dysbiosis.

Dysbiosis occurs when there is an imbalance in the gut microbiota, and this imbalance underlies so many gut conditions! Today we will explore what dysbiosis is, its symptoms, conditions linked to it, how it occurs, testing methods, and potential treatment options.

Before we dive in, an important word to understand is ‘Microbiome’. Our microbiome refers to the community of tiny living organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, that live inside and on our bodies. These microorganisms can be found in places like our gut, skin, and mouth. They play an important role in our health by helping with digestion, supporting our immune system, and influencing how our bodies work. Today we are referring to the gut microbiome.

There are subtle differences between the terms "microbiome" and "microbiota". The microbiome is the overall ecosystem, and microorganisims are then collectively referred to as as the microbiota.

Now, let’s get started!

WHAT IS DYSBIOSIS

Normally, our gut is home to a diverse and balanced population of helpful bacteria, viruses, and fungi. But when this balance is disrupted, and harmful microbes start to outnumber the beneficial ones, it can lead to dysbiosis. This microbiome imbalance can cause cause a whole host of problems!

There are many types of dysbiosis, including:

• Overgrowth dysbiosis: an overgrowth of opportunistic bacteria.

• Deficiency dysbiosis: not enough beneficial bacteria.

• Combined dysbiosis: an overgrowth of opportunistic bacteria and not enough beneficial bacteria (this is the most common that I see).

• Reduced diversity: a reduction in the number of species of microorganisms that exist.

• SIBO: dysbiosis in the small intestine, of which there are many different subtypes. Click here for more information on SIBO.

• Candida: this is an overgrowth of fungi.

• Parasites in high quantities: an overgrowth of parasites. Click here for more information on parasites.

So we can see that there are many different gut imbalances that all fall under the term of dysbiosis.

SYMPTOMS OF DYSBIOSIS

Dysbiosis can manifest in various ways, but some common symptoms include:

• Digestive issues like bloating, gas, diarrhoea, or constipation

• Abdominal pain or discomfort

• Food intolerances or sensitivities

• Fatigue or low energy levels

• Skin problems (e.g., acne, eczema)

• Mental health issues (e.g., anxiety, depression)

• Weakened immune system

• Nutritional deficiencies

CONDITIONS LINKED TO DYSBIOSIS

Dysbiosis has been associated with several health conditions, including:

• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

• Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO)

• Autoimmune diseases

• Allergies and asthma

• Mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety

• Obesity and metabolic syndrome

CAUSES OF DYSBIOSIS

Several factors can contribute to the development of dysbiosis, including:

• Antibiotic use: Prolonged or frequent antibiotic use can disrupt the balance of gut bacteria.

• Poor diet: A diet high in refined sugars, processed foods, and low in fibre can negatively impact the gut microbiota.

• Stress: Chronic stress can alter gut motility and disrupt the gut-brain axis, leading to dysbiosis.

• Environmental toxins: Exposure to pollutants, pesticides, and toxins can affect the diversity of gut bacteria.

• Lack of breastfeeding: Infants who are not breastfed may have a higher risk of dysbiosis. (This can be supported if you are unable to breastfed)

TESTING FOR DYSBIOSIS

Several tests can help identify dysbiosis. These include:

• Stool analysis: A comprehensive stool test can assess the composition of gut bacteria and detect imbalances.

• Breath tests: Breath tests can diagnose conditions like SIBO, which can contribute to dysbiosis.

• Blood tests: Certain markers in the blood, such as inflammation and immune markers, can indicate dysbiosis.

  
  
  

TREATING DYSBIOSIS

Addressing dysbiosis involves looking at the whole person, and correcting what caused their dysbiosis in the first place. Some areas to consider include:

• Prebiotics: Consuming prebiotic-rich foods or supplements can provide nourishment for beneficial gut bacteria.

• Probiotics: Supplementing with specific strains of beneficial bacteria can help restore microbial balance.

• Diet modifications: Adopting a whole foods-based diet rich in fibre, fermented foods, and low in processed sugars can support a healthy gut microbiota.

• Antibiotic management: Limiting unnecessary antibiotic use and supporting post-antibiotic recovery.

• Stress management: Practicing stress-reducing techniques like meditation, exercise, and adequate sleep can help restore gut health.

Dysbiosis serves as a reminder of the intricate connection between our gut health and overall well-being. Understanding the concept of dysbiosis and its impact on our bodies empowers us to make informed decisions about our health.

Embracing a holistic approach to gut health can lead to remarkable improvements in digestion, energy levels, skin health, and even mental well-being. So, are you ready to embark on this path of discovery? Unleash the potential within your gut microbiota and unlock a world of vibrant health!

If you are experiencing gut symptoms and would like individualised support, please get in touch by booking in a Discovery Call HERE.

REFERENCES

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8954387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4315779/